@import url("https://fonts.googleapis.com/css2?family=Caveat:wght@600;700&display=swap");.blogStackRefArticle{--cv-ref-surface:#151922;--cv-ref-border:#2a3142;--cv-ref-text:#e6e9ef;--cv-ref-muted:#8b92a4;--cv-ref-accent:#818cf8;--cv-ref-warn:#f59e0b;--cv-ref-radius:10px;--cv-ref-radius-sm:6px;background:#0c0f14;color:var(--cv-ref-text);border-radius:var(--cv-ref-radius);padding:1.25rem 1rem 2rem;margin-top:.5rem}@media (min-width:600px){.blogStackRefArticle{padding:1.5rem 1.5rem 2.5rem}}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body h1{font-size:1.35rem;font-weight:600;margin:2.25rem 0 .75rem;padding-bottom:.4rem;border-bottom:1px solid var(--cv-ref-border);color:var(--cv-ref-text)}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body h1:first-of-type{margin-top:0}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body details.tool-primer-details,.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body h1,.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body h2,.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body h3{scroll-margin-top:5.5rem}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body h2{font-size:1.1rem;font-weight:600;margin:1.5rem 0 .5rem;color:var(--cv-ref-text)}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body h3{font-size:1rem;font-weight:600;margin:1rem 0 .4rem;color:var(--cv-ref-muted)}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body p{margin:.5em 0 1em;color:var(--cv-ref-muted)}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body ol,.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body ul{margin:.5em 0 1em;padding-left:1.5em;color:var(--cv-ref-muted)}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body li{margin:.35em 0}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body code{font-family:JetBrains Mono,ui-monospace,monospace;font-size:.88em;background:var(--cv-ref-surface);color:var(--cv-ref-accent);padding:.15em .45em;border-radius:var(--cv-ref-radius-sm);border:1px solid var(--cv-ref-border)}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body table{width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:.9rem;margin:1rem 0}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body td,.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body th{text-align:left;padding:.6rem .75rem;border-bottom:1px solid var(--cv-ref-border);vertical-align:top}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body th{font-weight:600;color:var(--cv-ref-muted);background:var(--cv-ref-surface)}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body a{color:var(--cv-ref-accent);text-decoration:none}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body a:hover{text-decoration:underline}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body a:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--cv-ref-accent);outline-offset:2px;border-radius:2px}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-section-lede{margin:0 0 1.1rem;max-width:68ch;color:var(--cv-ref-muted)}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .doc-callout{margin:1rem 0 1.25rem;padding:.85rem 1rem .9rem;border-left:3px solid var(--cv-ref-accent);border-radius:0 var(--cv-ref-radius) var(--cv-ref-radius) 0;background:rgba(99,102,241,.1);font-size:.92rem;line-height:1.55;color:var(--cv-ref-muted)}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .doc-callout strong{color:var(--cv-ref-text)}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .doc-callout.doc-callout-beginner{border-left-color:#22c55e;background:rgba(34,197,94,.1)}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .overview-beginner-lede{margin-top:0;margin-bottom:1rem;max-width:68ch;font-size:.98rem;line-height:1.62;color:var(--cv-ref-muted)}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .beginner-read-steps{margin:.5rem 0 .75rem;padding-left:1.35rem;color:var(--cv-ref-muted)}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .beginner-read-steps li{margin:.45em 0}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .beginner-jargon-note{margin:.65rem 0 0}@keyframes stack-glossary-return-flash-kf{0%{box-shadow:0 0 0 0 rgba(129,140,248,.55)}45%{box-shadow:0 0 0 8px rgba(129,140,248,.18)}to{box-shadow:0 0 0 0 transparent}}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body h1.stack-glossary-return-flash,.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body h2.stack-glossary-return-flash,.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body h3.stack-glossary-return-flash{border-radius:var(--cv-ref-radius-sm);animation:stack-glossary-return-flash-kf 1.15s ease-out 1}@media (prefers-reduced-motion:reduce){.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body h1.stack-glossary-return-flash,.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body h2.stack-glossary-return-flash,.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body h3.stack-glossary-return-flash{animation:none;outline:2px solid var(--cv-ref-accent);outline-offset:4px}}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body table.stack-layer-map{font-size:.88rem;margin:.75rem 0 1.5rem}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body table.stack-layer-map td:first-child{font-weight:600;color:var(--cv-ref-text);white-space:nowrap}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .tool-icon{width:18px;height:18px;vertical-align:middle;margin-right:.35rem;border-radius:3px}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .inline-tools{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;gap:.35rem .75rem}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body ul.compact-tools{list-style:none;padding-left:0;margin:.5rem 0 1.25rem;column-count:1}@media (min-width:640px){.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body ul.compact-tools.cols-2{column-count:2;column-gap:2rem}}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body ul.compact-tools li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid;margin:.25rem 0;padding-left:.85rem;border-left:2px solid var(--cv-ref-border);font-size:.9rem;color:var(--cv-ref-muted)}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body ul.compact-tools li strong{color:var(--cv-ref-text);font-weight:600}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .mono-list{font-family:JetBrains Mono,ui-monospace,monospace;font-size:.78rem;line-height:1.7;color:var(--cv-ref-muted);background:var(--cv-ref-surface);border:1px solid var(--cv-ref-border);border-radius:var(--cv-ref-radius);padding:1rem 1.25rem;overflow-x:auto;margin:.75rem 0 1.25rem}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-bundle{border:2px dashed rgba(99,102,241,.55);border-radius:18px;padding:1.25rem 1rem 1.5rem;margin:2rem 0 2.5rem;background:rgba(15,18,26,.65)}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-bundle-title{font-family:Caveat,Segoe UI,system-ui,cursive;font-size:1.85rem;font-weight:700;color:#4ade80;margin:0 0 .25rem;letter-spacing:.02em}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-bundle-sub{font-size:.9rem;color:var(--cv-ref-muted);margin:0 0 1.25rem}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr));gap:.85rem}@media (max-width:960px){.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}}@media (max-width:520px){.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-card{background:var(--cv-ref-surface);border:1px solid var(--cv-ref-border);border-radius:14px;padding:1rem .85rem;display:flex;flex-direction:column;min-height:100%}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-card-h{font-size:.72rem;font-weight:700;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.08em;color:var(--cv-ref-muted);margin-bottom:.65rem;text-align:center}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-card-logos{display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;gap:.5rem;min-height:52px;margin-bottom:.35rem}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-logo-text{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;font-weight:700;font-size:.68rem;line-height:1.1;text-align:center;color:var(--cv-ref-text);background:rgba(28,33,41,.95);border:1px solid var(--cv-ref-border);border-radius:8px;padding:.2rem .35rem;max-width:5.5rem}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-logo-text.lg{min-width:3.25rem;min-height:2.75rem;font-size:.72rem;border-radius:10px;padding:.35rem .45rem}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-logo-text.sm{min-width:2.5rem;min-height:1.65rem;font-size:.62rem;border-radius:6px;opacity:.95}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-logo-lg,.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-logo-sm,.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-tool-index-logo{display:block;object-fit:contain;background:rgba(28,33,41,.95);border:1px solid var(--cv-ref-border);box-sizing:border-box;flex-shrink:0}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-logo-lg{width:44px;height:44px;padding:6px;border-radius:10px}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-logo-sm{width:32px;height:32px;padding:4px;border-radius:8px;opacity:.98}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-tool-index-logo{width:36px;height:36px;padding:5px;border-radius:9px}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-tool-index-iconrow--multi .stack-tool-index-logo{width:32px;height:32px;padding:4px}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-card-primary{text-align:center;font-weight:700;font-size:.95rem;color:var(--cv-ref-text);margin:.25rem 0 .35rem}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-check{color:#4ade80;margin-right:.25rem;font-weight:800}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-card-hosts{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:center;justify-content:center;gap:.35rem .5rem;text-align:center;font-size:.72rem;color:var(--cv-ref-muted);margin-bottom:.5rem}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-alt-label{font-size:.65rem;font-weight:600;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.06em;color:var(--cv-ref-muted);margin:.5rem 0 .35rem;text-align:center}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-alt-row{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;justify-content:center;align-items:flex-end;gap:.65rem .85rem;margin-bottom:.5rem}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-alt-row--note{gap:0}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-alt-row--note .stack-card-hosts{margin:0;width:100%}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-alt-chip{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;gap:.3rem;max-width:5.25rem}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-alt-chip-name{font-size:.62rem;font-weight:600;line-height:1.15;color:var(--cv-ref-muted);text-align:center}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-alt-chip .stack-logo-sm{flex-shrink:0}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-alt-chip--textonly{max-width:4.5rem}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-card-bullets{margin:.5rem 0 0;padding-left:1.1rem;font-size:.78rem;line-height:1.45;color:var(--cv-ref-muted);flex:1 1}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-card-bullets li{margin:.2rem 0}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-tool-index-bundle{margin:2rem 0 2.5rem}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-tool-index-bundle .stack-bundle-title{text-align:center}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-tool-index-grid{list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0;display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,minmax(0,1fr));gap:.75rem}@media (max-width:960px){.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-tool-index-grid{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}}@media (max-width:520px){.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-tool-index-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-tool-index-grid li{margin:0;padding:.85rem .75rem .9rem;background:var(--cv-ref-surface);border-left:1px solid var(--cv-ref-border);border-radius:12px;border:1px solid var(--cv-ref-border);border-left:3px solid rgba(99,102,241,.5);font-size:.8rem;line-height:1.45;color:var(--cv-ref-muted);page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid;min-height:100%}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-tool-index-grid li strong{display:block;color:var(--cv-ref-text);font-weight:700;font-size:.9rem;margin-bottom:.35rem;text-align:center}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-tool-index-iconrow{display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;gap:.35rem;min-height:42px;margin-bottom:.45rem}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-tool-index-iconrow--multi{flex-wrap:wrap;gap:.35rem}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-tool-index-text{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;min-width:2.75rem;min-height:2.25rem;padding:.25rem .4rem;border-radius:9px;background:rgba(28,33,41,.95);border:1px solid var(--cv-ref-border);font-size:.65rem;font-weight:700;line-height:1.15;text-align:center;color:var(--cv-ref-text);box-sizing:border-box}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-tool-index-iconrow--multi .stack-tool-index-text{min-width:2.4rem;min-height:2rem;font-size:.62rem}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-tool-index-desc{margin:0;font-size:.78rem;line-height:1.45;color:var(--cv-ref-muted);text-align:center}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body a.stack-glossary-link{color:inherit;text-decoration:none;border-radius:var(--cv-ref-radius-sm)}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body a.stack-glossary-link:hover{color:var(--cv-ref-accent);text-decoration:underline}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body a.stack-glossary-link:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--cv-ref-accent);outline-offset:2px;text-decoration:underline;color:var(--cv-ref-accent)}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body a.stack-alt-chip.stack-glossary-link{color:inherit}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .tool-primer-group-lede{margin:0 0 .85rem;font-size:.92rem;color:var(--cv-ref-muted);max-width:70ch}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body details.tool-primer-details{border:1px solid var(--cv-ref-border);border-radius:var(--cv-ref-radius-sm);margin:.5rem 0;background:var(--cv-ref-surface)}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body details.tool-primer-details>summary{cursor:pointer;padding:.65rem .85rem;list-style:none;display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;align-items:baseline;gap:.35rem .75rem;border-radius:var(--cv-ref-radius-sm)}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body details.tool-primer-details>summary:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--cv-ref-accent);outline-offset:-2px}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body details.tool-primer-details>summary::-webkit-details-marker{display:none}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .tool-primer-name{font-weight:700;color:var(--cv-ref-text)}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .tool-primer-tag{font-size:.72rem;font-weight:600;text-transform:uppercase;letter-spacing:.06em;color:var(--cv-ref-accent)}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .tool-primer-body{padding:0 1rem 1rem;font-size:.88rem;line-height:1.55;border-top:1px solid var(--cv-ref-border)}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-glossary-back-wrap{margin:0 0 .65rem}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-glossary-back-btn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:.35rem;margin:0;padding:.4rem .75rem;font:inherit;font-size:.8rem;font-weight:600;line-height:1.3;color:var(--cv-ref-accent);background:rgba(99,102,241,.12);border:1px solid var(--cv-ref-border);border-radius:var(--cv-ref-radius-sm);cursor:pointer;text-align:left}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-glossary-back-btn:hover{background:rgba(99,102,241,.2);color:var(--cv-ref-text)}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .stack-glossary-back-btn:focus-visible{outline:2px solid var(--cv-ref-accent);outline-offset:2px}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .tool-primer-body p{margin:.45em 0}.blogStackRefArticle .blog-post-body .tool-primer-see{margin:.5rem 0 0;font-size:.82rem}@media print{.blog-article-no-print{display:none!important}.blog-article-page .blog-article-print-main{overflow:visible!important;height:auto!important;max-height:none!important}.blog-article-page{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}}.blog-reader-prose .blog-post-body{max-width:42rem;margin-inline:auto}.blog-reader-prose .blog-post-body p{max-width:65ch}